Piston and crank connection for engines



- Apr. 24, 1923. 1,452,955

-- w. H. CALLAN ET AL PISTON AND CRANK CONNECTION FOR ENGINES Filed Jan. 21, 1922 3 Sheets-Sheet l Apr. 24, 1923. 1 I 1,452,955

. w. H. CALLAN ET AL' PISTON AND CRANK counzcnon FOR suemzs Filed Jan. 21. 1922 5 Sheets-Sheet? Apr. 24, 1923.. Y 1,452,955

- w. H. CALLAN ET AL PISTON AND CRANK CONNECTION FOR ENGINES Fil ed Jan; 21. 1922 3 Sheets-Sheet 5' I I Z7Z'Z/72f07". a] ZZZ'QINEUQZZQW/ 172E772 mazz Patented Apr. 24, 1923.

warren S't PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM H. CALLAN AND THEODORE P. KIMMAN, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO, ASSIG-NOBS TO CHICAGO PNEUMATIC TOOLCOMPANY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

PISTON AND CRANK CONNECTION FOR ENGINES.

Application filed January 21, 1922. Serial No. 530,799.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known thatiwe, i lLLIA'M H. CALLAN and THEODORE P. KIMMAN, citizens oi the United States, both residing at Cleveland, Cuyahoga County, Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Piston and Crank Connections for Engines, oi

, which the following is a specification.

()ur invention relates to multiple cylinder motors or engines, and more particularly to the connections between the crank and the connecting rods of the pistons in the opposed cylinders. p

The invention is peculiarly adapted for use in motors or engines of portable pneu matic tools, such as drills and the like, but is also susceptible of use in other types of mo tors or engines. I

The principal object oi 'our invention is to provide a simple and efiicient connecting rod and crank connection, which is light in construction, easily lubricated and readily and expeditiously assembled and removed when worn. Another important advantage of our invention is that it permits the connecting rods to be identical in construction, the connecting rods and connections to the cranks being universally interchangeable throughout the engine or motor. a

Vith the above and incidental objects in view, the invention consists in certain novel features of construction and combinations of parts, the essential elements whereof are recited in the appended claims, and a preferred form and modified Storms of embodiment of which are described in detail hereinafter and illustrated in full in the accompanying drawings which form part of this specification.

0f said drawings, Fig. l is a sectional ele-,.

one of the connecting rods; Fig. 6 is a, perspective view of the hinged securing ring or collar, Fig. ,7 is a perspective view of the resilient retaining ring'or collar; Figs. 8 and 9 are end and side views, respectively, or a split hinged ring,

constituting a modified form of our invention; Fig. 10 is a section on the line 10-10 of Fig. 8; Fig. 11 is a perspective view ofthe two parts of the ring shown in Fig. 8; Figs. 12 an'd'13 respectively, are end and side views of a ring constituting another modified form 01 our invention; and Figs. let and 15 are similar views showing still another modification of'our invention.

As shown in Fig. l, the opposed cylinders of the motor are arranged at an angle of 90 degrees with respect to each other but it will be obvious from the following description that the use oi'Eour invention is not dependent on the angularit y or number of the opposed oylinders. The pistons 10 may be connected to the outer ends of the connecting rods 8 in any desired manner. The conton rods, when assembled, do notentirely encircle the crank 12 of the crank shaft, the pistons being moved a'ng'ularly relative to each other. I y

Referring now to thepreferre'd form of embodiment of [our iiiveiitioinftlie bearings 11 on each side of the aligned piston rods are encircled by aretain'ingcollar or ring 13, which is of a split o'rhinged construction, being formed in two halves hinged together by a pin 14: extending through openings in projections 15 on one half and an aligned or interposed projection 16 on the other half. It will be observed that the ring or collar 1-3 is not of uniform thickness, being so (constructed that each half is thickest at the hinge and tapers off" gradually to its opposite end. Thehinged ring 13 is retained in closed securing condition on the bearings 11, aroj-ecting from one 'side'of the piston rods,jby a resilient collar or ring 18 which tapers in thickness from its center 1011- gitudinal line to its longitudinal edges ,between which is a slot or opening. After the hinged rings are placed around the bearings 11 and closed, so that their thin edges meet or contact, the resilient rings 18 are sprung or snapped into place about the hinged rings. Each hinged ring 18 at its meeting edges is provided with projections which, when the ring is closed, forms a single projection of oval formation, although it is obvious that the projections may be separated and given any desired shape or contour. When the rings 13 and 18 are in assembled relation the projections 20 extend into a complemental recess or aperture 21 in the respective ring 18. Thus the rings 13 are held in closed condition and the rings 18 are held on the rings 13 against lateral dirfsplacement.

The ring or collar 25, shown in F 8 to 11, inclusive, is adapted to be used in place of the split ring 18 and retaining ring 18 of the preferred form, one ring 25 being used, of course, on each side of the connecting rods. The ring 25 is formed in two halves 26, each of which on each end has an eye or boss 27 extending but half way across the ring. I The eyes 27 are on opposite sides of the ends of each half. A hinge pin 28 projects through the lower eyes 27 and, when the ring is closed around the bearings 11, a screw 29 is inserted through the upper eye of one half and screwed into the upper screw threaded eye of the other half. The head of the screw is seated in a re cess 30 in the one eye so that its outer end is flush with the side of the eye.

In the modification shown in Figs. 12 and 13, the ring 32 is formed in two halves 33 which are hinged together at their upper ends in the same manner that the lower ends of the halves of the ring, shown in Figs. 8 to 11, are hinged together. The lower ends of the halves 33 are enlarged and substantially rectangular in shape. A screw projects through an opening in the lower end of one half and is screwed into a screw threaded aligned opening in the other half to hold the ring in closed condition around the connecting rod bearings.

The ring 35, shown in Figs. 1a and i5, is also formed in two halves, and both ends of the halves are substantially the same as the lower ends of the halves 33 shown in Figs. 12 and 13. Screws 36 fasten both the lower and upper ends of the ring together when the ring is positioned around the bearings 11 on the ends of the connecting rods.

While we have described the invention as adapted for use with pneumatic tools, such as drills and the like, it will be apparent that the invention is adapted for use in connection with engines and motors of other types, for example, pumps and internal combustion engines. It is also obvious that the embodiments of the invention described above aresusceptible of various iVe claim:

1. In a device of the class described, the combination of a pair of connecting rods cooperating with a single crank, bearing means on the ends of the rods, a device having relatively movable parts encircling said bearing means, and a resilient ring around said device.

2. In a device of the class described, the combination of a pair of connecting rods cooperating with a single crank, bearing means on the ends of the rods, a hinged ring encircling said bearing means, and resilient means for retaining the ring in closed condition on the bearing means.

3. In a device of the class described, the combination of a pair of connecting rods cooperating with a single crank, bearing means on the end of said rods, a hinged device engaging said bearing means to retain the same in engagement with said crank, a resilient member for retaining said device in retaining position, and means on said device for preventing displacement oi said member thereon.

a. In a device of the class described, the

combination of a pair 0]": connecting rods cooperating with a single crank, bearing means on the ends of said rods, a member having a hinged joint and engaging said bearing means to retain the same in engagement with said crank, a resilient member tor retaining said hinged member in retaining position, and a projection on one of said members extending into a recess in the other member.

5. In adevice of the class described, the combination of a pair of connecting rods cooperating with a single crank, bearing means on the ends of said rods, a ring having a hinge and engaging said bearing means with its ends meeting, a resilient ring on said hinged ring, and projects on the meeting ends of said hinged ring extending into a recess in said resilient ring.

6. In a device of the class described, the combination of a pair of connecting rods cooperating with a single crank, bearing means on the ends of said rods, a split ring engaging around said bearing means, a resilient ring on said split ring for retaining the latter in place, and projections on the adjacent ends of said split ring extending into a recess in said resilient ring.

7. In a device of the class described, the combination of a connecting rod cooperating with a crank, bearing means on the end of said rod, a split ring around the bearing means, and a resilient ring holding the split ring in place.

8. In a device of the class described, the combination of a connecting rod cooperating with a crank, bearing means on the end of said rod, a split ring around the bearing means, a resilient ring supported by and holding the split ring in place, and means for preventing relative movement between said rings.

9. In a device of the class described, the combination of a connecting rod cooperating with a crank, bearing means on the end of said rod, a split ring around the bearing means, a resilient ring supported by and holding the split ring in place, and projections on the adjacent ends or the split ring extending into a recess in the resilient ring.

10. In a device of the class described, the combination of a pair of connecting rods 00- operating with a crank, oppositely extending bearing means on the end of each rod, a device encircling the bearing means on each side of the rods, and a resilient ring around each device.

11. In a device of the class described, the combination of a pair of connecting rods cooperating with a crank, oppositely extending bearing means on the end of each rod, a hinged ring encircling the bearing means on each side of the rods, and resilient means on each ring for retaining the rings in closed condition on said bearing means.

12. In a device of the class described, the combination of a pair of connecting rods cooperating with a crank, oppositely extending bearing means on the end of each rod, a member, having a hinge joint, and engag ing said bearing means on each side of the rods, a resilient member on each hinged member, and a projection on one member of each pair extending into a recess in the other member of the pair.

13. In a device of the class described, the combination of a pair of connecting rods cooperating with a crank, oppositely extend ing bearing means on the end of each rod, a split ring around the bearing means on each side of the rods, a resilient ring for each split ring for holding the latter in place, and projections on the adjacent ends of the split rings extending into recesses in the resilient rings.

14. In a device of the class described, the combination of a pair of connecting rods cooperating with a single crank, bearing means on the ends of the rods, a device having relatively movable parts, encircling said bearing means and a resilient ring, tapering in thickness from its center to its edges for holding said device in place.

.15. In a device of the class described, the combination of a pair of connecting rods c0- operating with a crank, bearing means on the ends of said rods, a ring, having a hinged joint and engaging said bearing means to retain the same in engagement with said crank, and a resilient ring, tapering in thickness from its center to its edges and supported by said hinged ring.

16. In a device of the class described, the combination of a pair of connecting rods cooperating with a crank, bearing means on the ends of said rods, a ring, having a hinged joint, and engaging said bearing means to retain the same in engagement with said crank, a resilient ring, tapering in thickness from its center to its edges and mounted on said hinged ring, and projections on said hinged ring at its adjacent ends projecting into a recess in said resilient ring.

IVILLIAM H. OALLAN. THEODORE P. KIMMAN. 

